Vol. 7, Issue 8, Part C (2025)

This systematic review synthesizes current scientific perspectives on fenugreek's (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) bioactive compounds and their diverse applications, providing a critical analysis of literature published from 2020 to 2024. Despite its extensive history in traditional medicine, the full therapeutic potential of fenugreek's complex phytochemical profile remains underexplored. This review addresses the gap in a comprehensive, consolidated analysis by meticulously examining the isolation, characterization, and molecular pharmacology of its key compounds, including saponins, galactomannan, and alkaloids. The study employed a systematic search strategy across major scientific databases, selecting 25 peer-reviewed articles for in-depth analysis. The results confirm that fenugreek's bioactive compounds, particularly saponins and dietary fiber, act synergistically to manage chronic metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes and dyslipidemia. The findings reveal a multi-faceted mechanism of action, including enhanced insulin sensitivity, delayed carbohydrate absorption, and improved lipid profiles. A consistent increase in research publications over the period highlights growing scientific interest, yet the review also identifies a critical lack of standardized methodologies, which poses a significant challenge for reproducibility and clinical validation. The discussion interprets these findings, reinforcing the scientific basis for fenugreek's traditional use and proposing practical recommendations for standardizing research and developing effective, evidence-based nutraceuticals and functional foods. In conclusion, the review positions fenugreek as a promising natural intervention in metabolic health, with its future potential dependent on a concerted effort to bridge traditional wisdom with rigorous, standardized scientific investigation.