Vol. 7, Issue 6, Part F (2025)

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an incurable disease that advances over time. The research assesses the bi-herbal extracts of Coriandrum sativum and Murraya koenigii on adenine-induced CKD in rats. The bi-herbal extracts of Coriandrum sativum (CS) and Murraya koenigii (MK) were prepared using aqueous and alcoholic solvents, respectively, and their therapeutic efficacy tested at a ratio of 1:1:5 as ascertained by in vitro nucleation assay. A total of thirty-six male Sprague-Dawley rats were selected for the study and randomly assigned to six groups (n=6).Group I served as the normal control and was received a standard pelleted diet. Group II was the adenine control group receiving adenine (200 mg/kg b.wt., orally) for 28 days. Therapeutic group III, IV, V and VI were given adenine in a dosage of 200 mg/kg b.wt. Orally once a day for 28 days in order to induce chronic kidney disease (CKD) and after that induction period, the rats were given bi-herbal aqueous and alcoholic extracts of CS and MK leaves orally for 42 days. After CKD induction, groups III and IV were treated with bi-herbal aqueous extracts of CS and MK at 250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg, respectively, while groups V and VI received bi-herbal alcoholic extracts of CS and MK at the same respective doses for 42 days. Haematology, serum biochemistry, rat uromodulin ELISA, urine analysis and renal ultrasonography were done on the 28th and on day 70th. The experimental rats were assessed for ultrasonographic, gross and histopathological changes in the kidneys of different groups. Administration of bi-herbal aqueous and alcoholic extracts in CKD-induced rats resulted in significant improvements in body weight, feed intake and haemato-biochemical profiles compared to the adenine control group. Renal ultrasonography and histopathological assessments confirmed that both aqueous and alcoholic bi-herbal extracts reduce in kidney-related abnormalities in adenine-induced CKD in rats. The alcoholic extract at 500 mg/kg b.wt. Exhibited the highest therapeutic efficacy, demonstrating marked improvement in renal function and structure. These findings highlight the potential use of these bi-herbal extracts in CKD treatment strategies.