Vol. 7, Issue 6, Part C (2025)

Urbanization is a rapidly expanding global phenomenon that significantly impacts natural ecosystems, leading to habitat fragmentation, pollution, and a substantial decline in biodiversity. As more people reside in urban environments, the role of cities in biodiversity conservation has become increasingly critical. In response, conservation biology has begun to adapt its strategies to suit densely populated urban landscapes, aiming to mitigate biodiversity loss and enhance ecological resilience within these human-dominated areas.
This review synthesizes contemporary approaches to urban biodiversity conservation, with a focus on innovative techniques such as the establishment of green corridors, implementation of urban rewilding practices, and the development of green infrastructure like rooftop and vertical gardens. These interventions are not only aimed at preserving existing flora and fauna but also at reintroducing native species and promoting ecosystem services that benefit both people and nature.
Through a comprehensive analysis of peer-reviewed literature, we assess the effectiveness, scalability, and limitations of these strategies. Studies indicate that even small patches of green space, when strategically connected and managed, can serve as critical habitats for urban wildlife and contribute to ecological connectivity. Urban rewilding projects show promise in restoring ecological functions, while rooftop gardens enhance habitat diversity and contribute to climate resilience in densely built areas.
Additionally, this review identifies key gaps in current research, such as the need for long-term monitoring, interdisciplinary collaboration, and community engagement in urban conservation efforts. The findings emphasize the importance of integrating biodiversity considerations into early stages of urban planning and policy-making to ensure sustainable and livable cities for future generations.
Overall, this paper aims to guide urban planners, ecologists, and policymakers in incorporating biodiversity conservation into urban development. By highlighting practical and science-backed solutions, it advocates for a paradigm shift from viewing cities as biodiversity deserts to recognizing them as vital components of global conservation networks.