Vol. 7, Issue 12, Part A (2025)

The present investigation was undertaken to evaluate the association between season and mastitis severity (both clinical and subclinical) on acute phase protein (APP) levels in Karan Fries cows by assessing Serum Amyloid A (SAA) and Haptoglobin (Hp) concentrations in plasma and milk. A total of 92 cows were screened for subclinical and clinical mastitis, from which 12 cows from each category were selected for detailed analysis. The acute phase proteins (SAA and Hpt) in plasma and milk were higher in K.F cows infected with clinical or subclinical mastitis depicted seasonal variations with summer being the most vulnerable for the development of mastitis (P<0.05). Their levels were significantly higher in clinical mastitis cases (P<0.05). Acute phase proteins (haptoglobin and SAA) were found to be the most potential candidates in milk, which could be used for differentiation of clinical and subclinical mastitis during different seasons. Overall, the study highlights the combined influence of mastitis type and season on APP dynamics and demonstrates that both SAA and Hp serve as sensitive biomarkers for early mastitis detection, disease differentiation, and monitoring of heat-stress-associated inflammatory burden in dairy cows.