Vol. 6, Issue 2, Part D (2024)

While infertility is a global problem that affects millions, in vitro fertilization (IVF) provides hope for many. Despite technology-driven advancements in IVF, its success rates are still, to some extent, erratic due to a lack of profound knowledge about biological variables regulating fertility dynamics. Recent scientific findings focused on genetics, especially genetic polymorphisms, have underlined the great importance of being able to forecast IVF outcomes. In this literature review, the relationship between genetic predisposition in female infertility via case-control studies applying single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analysis of ovarian reserve genes that control ovary tissue, plus hormone regulation and embryo cleavage, was reviewed. Chromosomal anomalies, including genetic disorders (e.g., Turner syndrome), are also reviewed with respect to their effects on IVF clinical outcomes due to their implications for implantation and miscarriage rates. This review highlights the promise of genetic screening in giving rise to personalized treatment options in reproductive medicine through a survey of studies on gene mutations and chromosomal aberrations. The observation implies that adding genetic profiling to routine IVF programs might increase the chance of success, helping personalized reproductive care.