Vol. 5, Issue 2, Part B (2023)

Small RNAs (sRNAs) have emerged as crucial regulators of gene expression in plants, playing significant roles in various biological processes, including disease resistance. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the mechanisms by which sRNAs, including microRNAs (miRNAs) and small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), regulate plant immune responses. We discuss the biogenesis and functional roles of these sRNAs, highlighting recent advancements in understanding their contributions to plant-pathogen interactions. Furthermore, we explore the potential of sRNA-based strategies for enhancing disease resistance in crops, addressing the challenges and future directions in this rapidly evolving field.